某男性患者，66岁，因口腔修复体无法使用前来就诊。临床检查：口腔内铸造金属桥不良修复体，冠固位体完全不密合，修复体有松动，基牙可探及有龋坏。口内上颌，下颌天然牙存留，牙冠牙体形态尚正常，均叩（-），松（-），咬合空间正常。口腔卫生较差，部分天然牙体探及龈下牙石。拆除口内不良修复体后，发现口内缺失，牙冠缺损，牙体龋坏明显，均叩（-），松（-）；残根，松动Ⅰ度，松动Ⅰ～Ⅱ度，根面腐质多；残根于龈上约2mm，叩（-），松（-）；口内可见部分残根区牙龈充血明显，有较多牙结石。患者身体健康，无心脏病、高血压等病史。

X线检查发现残根均较短小，根管较细小；根长度较长，且根管直径正常；上颌牙体破坏，龋坏及髓腔，根尖周影像正常，根管影清晰。结合临床检查结果，确定需要拔除的牙齿为

A: B: C: D: E: F: G:

Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely

Speeding off¹ in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch². But he is in a nasty surprise³. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer, and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine   1  , he will not be able to start it again.

For now, such devices    2   only available for fleets of trucks⁴ and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars⁵, and    3   be available to ordinary cars in the UK    4    two months.

The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car incorporates⁶    5    miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS⁷ satellite positioning receiver.    6   the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine    7    restarted.

There are even plans for immobilizers    8   shut down vehicles on the moves⁸, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system.

In the UK, an array of⁹ technical fixes¹⁰ is already making    9   harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicles crime has changed.” says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire¹¹ that is funded in part    10   the motor insurance industry.

He says it would only take him a few minutes to    11   a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools¹². But only if the car is more than 10 years old.

Modern cars are a far tougher proposition¹³, as their engine management computer will not

  12   them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out¹⁴ by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this    13   achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime¹⁵ since 1997.

But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owner’s keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken by using the owner’s keys, which doubles the previous year’s figure.

Remote-controlled immobilization system would   14   a major new obstacle in the criminal’s way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than the   15   expects.

词汇：    

immobilizer n．使车辆不能调动的装置
cellphone n．移动电话，手机
ignition / ɪɡˈnɪʃən / n．点火
trickle / "trɪkl / v．慢慢移动
immobilization / ɪˌməʊbəlaɪ"zeɪʃn / n．使车辆不能调动
burglary / "bɜ:ɡlərɪ / n．夜窃行为；盗窃

注释：

1. speed off：超速驾驶

2. catch：捕获物，猎获物

3. nasty：very unpleasant or annoying使人不愉快的；烦人的

4. fleets of trucks：卡车队。 Fleet：a group of vessels or vehicles owned or operated as a unit车队

5. trickle down to ordinary cars：慢慢地用到普通汽车上。 trickle：to move or proceed slowly or bit by bit慢慢地或一点一点地移动或前进

6. incorporate：to cause to merge or combine together into a united whole混合，合并到某一整体中

7. GPS：Global Positioning System全球定位系统

8. vehicles on the move：在行驶中的车辆

9. an array of：一群；一批

10. technical fixes：技术装置

11. Berkshire：a county of south-central England贝克郡，位于英格兰中南部

12. a bare minimum of tools：极少的工具。 bare：just sufficient；mere刚刚充足的；仅仅

13. Modern cars are a far tougher proposition：现代车远没有这么简单（偷盗现代车要困难得多 )。Proposition：a matter to be dealt with；a task任务，要处理的事务。

14. beam out：to emit or transmit发送，传送

15. drop in vehicle-related crime：涉及车辆犯罪案的下降。 drop：decrease下降

空8

A:whose B:who C:that D:when

Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures

　　The vultures in question¹ may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp____1____ in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than² celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental____2____. The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the____3____. It is also causing serious public health problems____4____ the Indian sub-continent.³
　　While⁴ their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians, vultures have____5____ played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is____6____ they feed on dead cows. InIndia, cows are sacred animals and are____7____ left in the open⁵ when they die in their thousands upon thousands⁶ every year.
　　The disappearance of the vultures has____8____ an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may____9____ as a result⁷. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the____10____.
　　The need for action is____11____, so an emergency project has been launched to____12____ a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds’ deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.
　　Large-scale vulture____13____ were first noticed at the end of the 1980s inIndia. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined____14____ over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as “critically endangered”⁸. As most vultures lay only single eggs and____15____ about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.

词汇：

vulture / ˈvʌltʃə / n．秃鹰
species / "spi:ʃi:z / n．物种，种类
disruption / dɪs"rʌpʃn / n．破坏，毁坏
rabies / "reɪbi:z / n．狂犬症
ultimately / ˈʌltɪmətli / adv．最终地
endanger / ɪn"deɪndʒə / v．危及，濒危
maturity / mə"tʃʊərətɪ / n．成熟期

注释：

1. The vulture in question: 讨论中的秀鹰（问题)。in question 意为“讨论中的，考虑中的”。

2. rather than：而不是。例:Your proposal is positive rather than negative. (你的提议是积极的，而不是消极的。）

3. the Indian sub-continent: 印度次大陆

4. while: 虽然。例:While he has published many papers, he is modest. (虽然他发表了多篇论文，他还是很谦虚。）

5. thousands upon thousands:成千上万的

6. in the open:在户外，在野外

7. as a result:结果

8. listed as “critically endangered”：被列为极度濒危动物

空8

A:came from B:adjusted to C:resulted from D:led to

 Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness

Mashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may be bad for your arteries．    1    according to a study in Psychological Science, they’re good for your heart and    2    ．The study focuses on “comfort food¹” and how it makes people feel．

"For me   3  ,food has always played a big role in my family,” says Jordan Troisi, a graduate student² at the University of Buffalo³, and lead author⁴ on the study．The study came out of the research program of his co—author Shira Gabriel．It has    4    non-human things that may affect human emotions．Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their    5    TV show, building virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones．Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect    6    making people

think of their nearest and dearest⁵.

In one experiment, in order to make   7   feel lonely, the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to them．Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment. Then, some people in each   8    wrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food．  9    ,the researchers had participants    10    questions about their levels of loneliness⁶．

Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely．But people who were generally   11    in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food．"We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those close to us．"says Troisi．"Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others．"In   12   essays on comfort food, many people wrote about the    13    of eating food with family and friends.

In another experiment,    14    chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships, but only if⁷ they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food．This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment, along with many other questions, so they wouldn’t remember it.

Throughout everyone’s daily lives⁸ they experience stress, often associated with our  15   with others," Troisi says．"Comfort food Can be an easy remedy for loneliness． 

词汇：

mashed /mæʃt/ adj．被捣成糊浆的

macaroni/ macaroni/ n．通心粉

cheese / tʃi:z / n．奶酪

artery/ artery / n．动脉

assignment / ə"sainmənt / n．指定作业

reminder / reminder/ n．起提醒作用的东西

remedy /remedy/ n．治疗方法，药物

virtual/"və:tʃuəl/ adj．虚拟的

注释：

1.comfort food：爽心食品

2. graduate student：研究生

3. The University of Buffalo：布法罗大学，建校于1846 年，位于水牛城（ Buffalo City) ，属于纽约州立大学，因此称为纽约州立大学水牛城分校。

4. lead author：首席作者

5. their nearest and dearest：他们最接近和最亲爱的人

6. levels of loneliness：孤独程度

7. only if: 只有（在……情况下）

8. Throughout everyone"s daily lives：在每一个人的日常生活中。through 有“贯穿”的意思。

空8

A:group B:class C:section D:part

Traffic in Our Cities

     The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk (1) ______ accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to (2) ______ their habits and leave their cars at home.

     One possible (3) ______ is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by (4)______ charges for parking and (5) ______ tougher fines for anyone who (6) ______ the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (7) ______ as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a (8) ______ of cities, using a special electronic card ______ (59) to the windscreen of the car.

    Another way of (10) ______ with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the (11)______ of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre1. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus (12) ______ for the final stage of their journey.

Of course, the most important (13) ______ is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to (14) ______ the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be2 reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares (15) ______ at an acceptable level.

词汇：

lengthy /"leŋθi:/ a．漫长的，冗长的

persuade /pə"sweid/v．说服，劝服

approach /ə"prəutʃ/ n．方法，途径

windscreen /"windskri:n /n．汽车挡风玻璃

outskirt /"aut,skə:t/ n．郊区，市郊

reliable /ri"laiəbl/ a．可靠的，可信赖的

注释：

1.    ... strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre: ……严格控制进人城市中心的车辆数量

2.    …public transport must be felt to be…：……公共交通必须要让人感觉到……

空8

A:quantity B:number C:total D:sum

图中所示为某晶闸管变流器供电的直流电动机速度调节系统的结构图，直流电动机规格为：额定功率pe=1500kW，额定电压Ue=750V，额定电流Ie=2100A，额定转速ne= 450r/min，最大转速nmax=900r/min，最大弱磁倍数k=900/450=2，允许最大过电流倍数，传动系统的飞轮矩GD2=6475N·m2。电枢回路电阻Rds=0.005Ω，电枢电感Ids=1.0mH。晶闸管采用三相桥式整流回路，晶闸管交流器的标幺放大系数为1.1。 该系统电枢回路的时间常数Tda最接近于（）s。

A:0.2 B:5 C:200 D:2

8GG8EG（    ）

A:7KK4HK B:4DD4WD C:6EE6EG D:8UUU8Y

FONST3000中业务盘带宽5G的是( )

A:8TS1 B:8TDG C:8TDA D:8TDGF

FONST3000中业务盘带宽10G的是( )

A:8TDGF B:8TA1 C:8TDA D:8TS1