冯•纽曼--摩根斯坦效用函数（von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function）

说明冯·诺依曼（Von Neumann）计算机的设计思想。

冯·诺依曼(Von Neumann)在总结研制ENIAC计算机时，提出两个重要的改进是

A:引入CPU和内存储器的概念 B:采用机器语言和十六进制 C:采用二进制和存储程序控制的概念 D:采用ASCⅡ编码系统

目前计算机不管怎么更新，依然保有“存储程序”的概念，最早提出这种概念的是( )。

A:巴贝奇 (Charles Babage) B:冯•诺依曼(John von Neumann) C:图灵(Alan Mathison Turing) D:贝尔(Bell)

目前计算机不管怎么更新，依然保有“存储程序”的概念，最早提出这种概念的是( )。

A:巴贝奇 (Charles Babage) B:冯•诺依曼(John von Neumann) C:图灵(Alan Mathison Turing) D:贝尔(Bell)

冯·诺依曼(Von Neumann)机工作方式的基本特点是______。

A:多指令流单数据流 B:按地址访问并顺序执行指令 C:堆栈操作 D:存储器按内容选择地址

John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of an banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tired to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician, and so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.

In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor therE. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics（Einstein was one of the others）

World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann's areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practicE. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government servicE. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died in 1957 of cancer.

Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.

Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legenD. He reported one accident this Way: "I was driving down the roaD. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path."

【小题1】According to the text, von Neumann's father believed that _____________.

A. a mathematician couldn't earn a lot of money

B. a mathematician needed a good memory

C. von Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same time

D. von Neumann had the gift for solving problems at a high speeD.

【小题2】von Neumann published his first book at the age of _________________

A. 23 B. 26 C. 29 D. 32

【小题3】How did World War Ⅱ affect John von Neumann?

A. He realized the importance of engineering

B. He began to research how to put mathematics into practicE.

C. He left college and served at the government department.

D. He lost interest in chemistry.

【小题4】Which of the following is true of Von Neumann?

A. He had three children

B. He died from an accident.

C. He received many rewards in his life

D. He and Einstein were classmates in Princeton University.

【小题5】From the last paragraph, we can infer John von Neumann was _____________.

A. calm B. brave C. intelligent D. humorous